{"id":8673,"date":"2026-08-24T09:10:41","date_gmt":"2026-08-24T09:10:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/18kenglish.com\/describing-graphs-charts-english-phrases\/"},"modified":"2026-08-24T09:10:41","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T09:10:41","slug":"describing-graphs-charts-english-phrases","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/18kenglish.com\/ko\/describing-graphs-charts-english-phrases\/","title":{"rendered":"\u63cf\u8ff0\u5716\u8868\u82f1\u6587\uff1a30 Essential Phrases for Charts &#038; Trends | TOEIC Business"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #2c7be5;padding:16px 20px;margin:20px 0;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;\">\n<strong>Quick Answer:<\/strong> To describe graphs and trends in English, pair a <strong>movement verb<\/strong> (rise, fall, fluctuate) with an <strong>adverb<\/strong> (sharply, gradually, slightly) \u2014 &#8220;Revenue rose sharply.&#8221; You can also flip to noun form \u2014 &#8220;There was a sharp rise in revenue.&#8221; These two patterns, plus about 20 core verbs, cover everything TOEIC Writing and business presentations require.\n<\/div>\n<p>Taiwan professionals deal with data constantly \u2014 quarterly reports, client presentations, TOEIC Writing Section, analyst briefings. The numbers are never the problem. The problem is saying what the data shows in English without sounding mechanical or repetitive. This guide gives you the vocabulary, sentence patterns, and a complete sample paragraph so you can describe any chart with precision.<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e0a\u5347\u8da8\u52e2\u82f1\u6587 | Upward Trend Vocabulary<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/18kenglish.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/upward-trend-vocabulary-english.jpg\" alt=\"upward trend vocabulary English chart phrases business\" style=\"max-width:100%;\"><\/p>\n<p>When data goes up, &#8220;increase&#8221; works \u2014 but it&#8217;s flat. Match the verb to the size and speed of the move:<\/p>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:16px 0;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background:#2c7be5;color:#fff;\">\n<th style=\"padding:10px;text-align:left;\">Verb<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:10px;text-align:left;\">Nuance<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:10px;text-align:left;\">Intensity<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">rise \/ increase<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">general upward movement<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">neutral<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;background:#f8f9fa;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">grow<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">expand over time<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">neutral<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">climb<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">steady upward movement<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">moderate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;background:#f8f9fa;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">surge \/ soar<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">dramatic, fast rise<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">strong<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">spike \/ jump<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">sudden sharp increase<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">sudden<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#f8f9fa;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">recover \/ rebound<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">rise after a previous drop<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">context-specific<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Pair each verb with an adverb to show the rate of change: <strong>sharply<\/strong> (\u5feb\u901f\u5927\u5e45), <strong>steadily<\/strong> (\u7a69\u5b9a\u5730), <strong>gradually<\/strong> (\u9010\u6f38\u5730), <strong>slightly<\/strong> (\u7565\u5fae\u5730), <strong>dramatically<\/strong> (\u5927\u5e45\u5730).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Revenue <em>rose sharply<\/em> by 32% in Q3. (\u5feb\u901f\u4e0a\u5347)<\/li>\n<li>Online sales <em>grew steadily<\/em> throughout the year. (\u7a69\u5b9a\u6210\u9577)<\/li>\n<li>User numbers <em>surged<\/em> after the product launch. (\u6fc0\u589e)<\/li>\n<li>Market share <em>climbed gradually<\/em> over three years. (\u9010\u6f38\u6500\u5347)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>One note on &#8220;soar&#8221; vs &#8220;surge&#8221;: <em>soar<\/em> suggests something moving effortlessly upward over time; <em>surge<\/em> implies a more sudden, concentrated burst of growth. Use <em>surge<\/em> for single-quarter spikes, and <em>soar<\/em> for sustained strong climbs across several periods.<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e0b\u964d\u8da8\u52e2\u82f1\u6587 | Downward Trend Vocabulary<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/18kenglish.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/downward-trend-english-phrases.jpg\" alt=\"downward trend English phrases TOEIC business description\" style=\"max-width:100%;\"><\/p>\n<p>Downward movement has its own hierarchy. The right verb tells your audience not just that something went down, but how fast and how far.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:16px 0;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background:#2c7be5;color:#fff;\">\n<th style=\"padding:10px;text-align:left;\">Verb<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:10px;text-align:left;\">Nuance<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:10px;text-align:left;\">Intensity<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">fall \/ decrease \/ decline<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">general downward movement<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">neutral<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;background:#f8f9fa;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">drop<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">significant, sometimes sudden<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">moderate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">dip<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">slight or temporary decrease<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">mild<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;background:#f8f9fa;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">plunge \/ plummet<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">steep, fast crash<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">strong<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#f8f9fa;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">slump<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">extended decline, often economic<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">sustained<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li>Exports <em>fell by 8%<\/em> in the second quarter. (\u4e0b\u964d)<\/li>\n<li>The stock price <em>plunged<\/em> after the earnings report. (\u66b4\u8dcc)<\/li>\n<li>Website traffic <em>dipped slightly<\/em> over the holiday weekend before recovering. (\u5c0f\u5e45\u4e0b\u6ed1)<\/li>\n<li>Manufacturing output <em>slumped<\/em> for three consecutive quarters. (\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0b\u6ed1)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&#8220;A temporary dip&#8221; is useful in presentations specifically because it signals to your audience that the drop is short-term \u2014 say it before you show the recovery data and you control how they read the chart.<\/p>\n<h2>\u7a69\u5b9a\u8207\u6ce2\u52d5\u82f1\u6587 | Stable and Fluctuating Trends<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/18kenglish.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/graph-trend-vocabulary-business.jpg\" alt=\"stable fluctuating trend graph vocabulary English business\" style=\"max-width:100%;\"><\/p>\n<p>Not every line moves dramatically. Some data stays flat; some bounces around without a clear direction. You need vocabulary for both.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stability phrases (\u7a69\u5b9a):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>remained stable \/ constant (\u4fdd\u6301\u7a69\u5b9a)<\/li>\n<li>stayed the same (\u7dad\u6301\u4e0d\u8b8a)<\/li>\n<li>leveled off (\u5e73\u7a69\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e0a\u5347\u6216\u4e0b\u964d\u5f8c)<\/li>\n<li>plateaued (\u9054\u5230\u9ad8\u5cf0\u5f8c\u505c\u6b62\u6210\u9577)<\/li>\n<li>showed little change (\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u8b8a\u5316)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Fluctuation phrases (\u6ce2\u52d5):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>fluctuated between X and Y (\u5728X\u548cY\u4e4b\u9593\u6ce2\u52d5)<\/li>\n<li>varied considerably (\u8b8a\u5316\u660e\u986f)<\/li>\n<li>was volatile (\u6ce2\u52d5\u5287\u70c8\uff0c\u91d1\u878d\u985e\u5e38\u7528)<\/li>\n<li>showed no clear trend (\u6c92\u6709\u660e\u986f\u8da8\u52e2)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The exchange rate <em>remained stable<\/em> at around NT$30 to the dollar. (\u7a69\u5b9a\u7dad\u6301)<\/li>\n<li>Growth <em>leveled off<\/em> after the initial surge in Q1. (\u8da8\u65bc\u5e73\u7a69)<\/li>\n<li>Monthly sales <em>fluctuated between<\/em> NT$800,000 and NT$1.2 million. (\u5728\u2026\u4e4b\u9593\u6ce2\u52d5)<\/li>\n<li>Market share <em>plateaued<\/em> in mid-2025 before declining. (\u9ad8\u539f\u671f\u5f8c\u4e0b\u6ed1)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u6642\u9593\u53e5\u578b | Time Period Phrases<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/18kenglish.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/data-visualization-english-toeic.jpg\" alt=\"time period phrases describing graphs TOEIC English Taiwan\" style=\"max-width:100%;\"><\/p>\n<p>A messy timeline kills an otherwise good chart description. TOEIC Writing examiners notice immediately when test-takers repeat the same phrase (&#8220;in 2023\u2026 in 2024\u2026 in 2025\u2026&#8221;). Use these patterns to vary your sentence openings:<\/p>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:16px 0;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background:#2c7be5;color:#fff;\">\n<th style=\"padding:10px;text-align:left;\">Pattern<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:10px;text-align:left;\">Example<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">From [year] to [year]&#8230;<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">From 2022 to 2025, revenue grew steadily.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;background:#f8f9fa;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">Between [year] and [year]&#8230;<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">Between 2021 and 2024, sales nearly doubled.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">Over the period from X to Y&#8230;<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">Over the period from Q1 to Q3, growth accelerated.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;background:#f8f9fa;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">During the first quarter of [year]&#8230;<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">During the first quarter of 2025, exports surged.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">By the end of [year]&#8230;<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">By the end of 2024, users had reached 500,000.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#f8f9fa;\">\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">Over the following [time]&#8230;<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:8px;\">Over the following six months, the trend reversed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>One technique worth using in <a href=\"https:\/\/18kenglish.com\/presentation-english-phrases\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">business presentations in English<\/a>: open with the overall trend first (&#8220;Revenue grew every year from 2020 to 2025&#8221;), then zoom in on the key turning points. Your audience follows more easily when you give them the big picture before the details.<\/p>\n<h2>\u6bd4\u8f03\u8207\u5c0d\u6bd4\u53e5\u578b | Comparison Language<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/18kenglish.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/business-chart-english-presentation.jpg\" alt=\"comparison contrast phrases English describing graphs business presentation\" style=\"max-width:100%;\"><\/p>\n<p>Most TOEIC graphs show two or more datasets side by side. Comparison language is what ties them together.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Compared to [X], [Y] grew faster. (\u8207\u2026\u76f8\u6bd4)<\/li>\n<li>In comparison with last year, this quarter shows improvement.<\/li>\n<li>While Taiwan&#8217;s exports rose, domestic consumption remained flat.<\/li>\n<li>Unlike 2023, 2024 saw a steady recovery in tourism revenue.<\/li>\n<li>In contrast to the US market, Asian markets performed strongly.<\/li>\n<li>[Y] outperformed [X] by a significant margin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The most practical structure is the <strong>while \/ whereas<\/strong> contrast clause. It delivers two data points in one sentence:<\/p>\n<p style=\"border-left:3px solid #2c7be5;padding-left:16px;\"><em>&#8220;Online orders grew by 40%, while in-store sales declined slightly.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Put the stronger number first \u2014 it leads with the good news and makes the contrast land harder. This is the structure that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.woodwardenglish.com\/lesson\/ielts-writing-task-1-describing-trends-vocabulary-word-order\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Woodward English&#8217;s IELTS framework<\/a> recommends, and it applies equally to TOEIC and business writing.<\/p>\n<h2>\u52d5\u8a5e + \u526f\u8a5e vs \u540d\u8a5e + \u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e | Two Core Sentence Patterns<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/18kenglish.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/toeic-graph-english-study.jpg\" alt=\"TOEIC graph description verb adverb noun adjective sentence patterns English\" style=\"max-width:100%;\"><\/p>\n<p>This is the single most underused technique in Taiwan learners&#8217; graph descriptions \u2014 and the one TOEIC examiners grade on directly.<\/p>\n<p>You can describe the same trend two ways:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pattern A: Verb + Adverb<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sales rose <em>sharply<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Exports declined <em>gradually<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Revenue increased <em>significantly<\/em> in Q4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Pattern B: Noun + Adjective<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>There was a <em>sharp<\/em> rise in sales.<\/li>\n<li>We saw a <em>gradual<\/em> decline in exports.<\/li>\n<li>The data shows a <em>significant<\/em> increase in Q4 revenue.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Both are correct. The difference is sentence variety. Writing &#8220;rose sharply\u2026 grew steadily\u2026 increased dramatically&#8221; three times in a row feels repetitive. Switching to Pattern B \u2014 &#8220;a sharp rise\u2026 a period of steady growth\u2026 a dramatic increase&#8221; \u2014 sounds more sophisticated and reads more naturally. TOEIC Writing graders are explicitly looking for sentence variety.<\/p>\n<p>This noun + adjective pattern also pairs directly with the <a href=\"https:\/\/18kenglish.com\/business-english-collocations-meetings-emails\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">business English collocations<\/a> you already know \u2014 &#8220;a sharp increase,&#8221; &#8220;a gradual decline,&#8221; and &#8220;a dramatic rise&#8221; are all standard business collocations that examiners recognise immediately.<\/p>\n<h2>\u5b8c\u6574\u7bc4\u4f8b\u6bb5\u843d | Full Sample Paragraph (TOEIC\/Business Ready)<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/18kenglish.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/graph-statistics-english-vocabulary.jpg\" alt=\"graph statistics English vocabulary sample paragraph TOEIC description\" style=\"max-width:100%;\"><\/p>\n<p>Here is a complete chart description using all the patterns above. This is TOEIC Writing Section format \u2014 roughly 150 words, formal register, no opinions or speculation. Read it once, then write your own version with a different fictional dataset.<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;padding:20px;margin:20px 0;border-radius:8px;font-style:italic;\">\n<p>&#8220;The line graph shows the number of monthly active users for a Taiwan-based e-commerce platform from January 2024 to December 2025.<\/p>\n<p>From January to March 2024, user numbers rose gradually from 120,000 to 140,000. This was followed by a sharp surge in April, when the figure climbed to 210,000 \u2014 a 50% increase in a single month, driven by a major promotional campaign.<\/p>\n<p>Between May and August 2024, growth leveled off and fluctuated between 195,000 and 215,000. By the end of the year, users had plateaued at around 200,000.<\/p>\n<p>In contrast, the first quarter of 2025 saw a dramatic increase, with numbers soaring to 280,000 by March. Compared to the same period in 2024, this represented a 100% year-on-year rise.<\/p>\n<p>Overall, the platform experienced strong, sustained growth over the two-year period, with monthly users more than doubling.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Count the trend expressions as you read: rise gradually, sharp surge, climbed, leveled off, fluctuated, plateaued, dramatic increase, soaring. That is eight different expressions in one short paragraph \u2014 with zero repetition and two sentence patterns alternated. That is the target.<\/p>\n<h2>\u5e38\u898b\u932f\u8aa4 | 5 Mistakes Taiwan Learners Make<\/h2>\n<p>These errors appear in TOEIC Writing practice tests and English business reports from Taiwan professionals constantly.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. &#8220;Increased up&#8221; \/ &#8220;rose up&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nRedundant. &#8220;Rise&#8221; already means upward. Say &#8220;rose&#8221; or &#8220;increased&#8221; \u2014 never both.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. &#8220;There were a rise in&#8230;&#8221;<\/strong><br \/>\nWrong number. &#8220;Rise&#8221; is singular: <em>there was a rise<\/em>. &#8220;There were rises&#8221; only works if you mean multiple separate instances.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Confusing &#8220;rise&#8221; (intransitive) with &#8220;raise&#8221; (transitive)<\/strong><br \/>\nSales rise on their own. You raise prices intentionally. &#8220;The company raised its prices&#8221; is correct. &#8220;The company rised its prices&#8221; does not exist in English.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Using one verb for the whole description<\/strong><br \/>\nWriting &#8220;increased&#8221; six times in one paragraph. Rotate: rise, grow, climb, surge \u2014 or switch to noun pattern.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Forgetting the adverb<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;Sales increased.&#8221; tells an examiner almost nothing. &#8220;Sales increased sharply by 30% in Q3.&#8221; earns points for precision and vocabulary range. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/describing-graphs-and-trends-in-english\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">MyEnglishPages graph vocabulary guide<\/a> has exercises specifically for building this habit before your test.<\/p>\n<h2>\u5f71\u7247\u6559\u5b78 | Watch: Describing Graphs in English<\/h2>\n<p>This video covers graph description with real IELTS, TOEFL, and business examples. Watch it after reading this guide \u2014 every pattern here will be familiar.<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align:center;margin:24px 0;\">\n<iframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tApPdt_Y8jE\" title=\"Describing Graphs in English - IELTS TOEFL Business Presentations\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen style=\"max-width:100%;\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n<p>The 30 phrases in this guide cover every trend type a graph can show \u2014 upward, downward, stable, fluctuating, and everything in between. Practice writing descriptions of charts you encounter at work or in TOEIC prep materials. After ten descriptions, these patterns will come automatically.<\/p>\n<h2>Sources<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.woodwardenglish.com\/lesson\/ielts-writing-task-1-describing-trends-vocabulary-word-order\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Woodward English \u2014 IELTS Writing Task 1: Describing Trends<\/a> \u2014 vocabulary and word order framework for academic and business writing<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myenglishpages.com\/describing-graphs-and-trends-in-english\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">MyEnglishPages \u2014 Describing Graphs and Trends in English<\/a> \u2014 vocabulary lists and interactive exercises<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ielts.idp.com\/prepare\/article-ielts-academic-writing-task-1-key-language-for-reporting-figures-and-trends\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">IDP IELTS \u2014 Key Language for Reporting Figures and Trends<\/a> \u2014 official guidance on academic writing vocabulary for Task 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